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Manage Users

Custom User Data - Java SDK

On this page

  • Read a User's Custom Data
  • Create a User's Custom Data Document
  • Update a User's Custom Data

You can read arbitrary data about your application users, known as custom user data, directly within your java application. For example, you might store a user's preferred language, date of birth, or local timezone. To learn more about custom user data, see Enable Custom User Data.

Important

To use custom user data, you must first Enable Custom User Data.

Read a User's Custom Data

You can read the custom user data of a currently logged in user through that user's User object. You cannot edit custom user data through a User object. To edit custom user data, see Update Custom User Data. To access the data, call the User.customData() method on the User object of a logged in user:

Credentials anonymousCredentials = Credentials.anonymous();
app.loginAsync(anonymousCredentials, it -> {
    if (it.isSuccess()) {
        Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Successfully authenticated anonymously.");
        User user = app.currentUser();
        Document customUserData = user.getCustomData();
        Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Fetched custom user data: " + customUserData);
    } else {
        Log.e("EXAMPLE", it.getError().toString());
    }
});
val anonymousCredentials: Credentials = Credentials.anonymous()
app.loginAsync(anonymousCredentials) {
    if (it.isSuccess) {
        Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Successfully authenticated anonymously.")
        val user = app.currentUser()
        val customUserData : Document? = user?.customData
        Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Fetched custom user data: $customUserData")
    } else {
        Log.e("EXAMPLE", it.error.toString())
    }
}

Warning

Custom Data May Be Stale

Atlas App Services does not dynamically update the value of User.customData() immediately when underlying data changes. Instead, App Services fetches the most recent version of custom user data whenever a user refreshes their access token, which occurs during most SDK operations that contact the App Services back end. Realm refreshes access tokens every 30 minutes, so custom user data can be stale for no more than 30 minutes.

If you require the most recent version of custom user data, use the User.refreshCustomData() method to request the latest version of a user's custom data.

Create a User's Custom Data Document

Tip

To create, update, or delete custom user data, you will need the following information from your custom user data configuration:

  • the custom user data cluster

  • the custom user data database

  • the custom user data collection in which custom user data documents are stored

  • the user ID field used to map custom user data documents to users (via user ID)

You can find this information in the App Services UI on the App Users page under the Custom User Data tab.

To create custom user data for a user, create a MongoDB document in the custom user data collection. The user ID field of the document should contain the the user's user ID. The following example uses MongoDB Data Access to insert a document containing the user ID of the currently logged in user and a favoriteColor value into the custom user data collection:

Credentials credentials = Credentials.anonymous();
app.loginAsync(credentials, it -> {
    if (it.isSuccess()) {
        User user = app.currentUser();
        MongoClient mongoClient =
                user.getMongoClient("mongodb-atlas"); // service for MongoDB Atlas cluster containing custom user data
        MongoDatabase mongoDatabase =
                mongoClient.getDatabase("custom-user-data-database");
        MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection =
                mongoDatabase.getCollection("custom-user-data-collection");
        mongoCollection.insertOne(
                new Document("user-id-field", user.getId()).append("favoriteColor", "pink").append("_partition", "partition"))
                .getAsync(result -> {
                    if (result.isSuccess()) {
                        Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Inserted custom user data document. _id of inserted document: "
                                + result.get().getInsertedId());
                    } else {
                        Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Unable to insert custom user data. Error: " + result.getError());
                    }
                });
    } else {
        Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Failed to log in anonymously:" + it.getError().toString());
    }
});
val anonymousCredentials: Credentials = Credentials.anonymous()
app.loginAsync(anonymousCredentials) {
    if (it.isSuccess) {
        val user = app.currentUser()
        val mongoClient : MongoClient =
            user?.getMongoClient("mongodb-atlas")!! // service for MongoDB Atlas cluster containing custom user data
        val mongoDatabase : MongoDatabase =
            mongoClient.getDatabase("custom-user-data-database")!!
        val mongoCollection : MongoCollection<Document> =
            mongoDatabase.getCollection("custom-user-data-collection")!!
        mongoCollection.insertOne(Document("user-id-field", user.id).append("favoriteColor", "pink").append("_partition", "partition"))
            .getAsync { result ->
                if (result.isSuccess) {
                    Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Inserted custom user data document. _id of inserted document: ${result.get().insertedId}")
                } else {
                    Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Unable to insert custom user data. Error: ${result.error}")
                }
            }
    } else {
        Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Failed to log in anonymously: ${it.error}")
    }
}

You can add any number of arbitrary fields and values to the custom user data document when you create it. The user ID field is the only requirement for the document to become available on the User object as custom user data.

Update a User's Custom Data

You can update custom user data using MongoDB Data Access, Realm Sync, MongoDB Compass, or the MongoDB Atlas Data Explorer.

To update a user's custom user data with MongoDB Data Access, edit the MongoDB document whose user ID field contains the user ID of the user.

Tip

To determine a user's ID, access the User.id property or find the user in the App Services UI on the App Users page under the Users tab.

The following example uses MongoDB Data Access to update the favoriteColor field of the the document containing the user ID of the currently logged in user in the custom user data collection:

Credentials credentials = Credentials.anonymous();
app.loginAsync(credentials, it -> {
    if (it.isSuccess()) {
        User user = app.currentUser();
        MongoClient mongoClient =
                user.getMongoClient("mongodb-atlas"); // service for MongoDB Atlas cluster containing custom user data
        MongoDatabase mongoDatabase =
                mongoClient.getDatabase("custom-user-data-database");
        MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection =
                mongoDatabase.getCollection("custom-user-data-collection");
        mongoCollection.updateOne(
                new Document("user-id-field", user.getId()), new Document("favoriteColor", "cerulean"))
                .getAsync(result -> {
                    if (result.isSuccess()) {
                        if (result.get().getModifiedCount() == 1L) {
                            Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Updated custom user data document.");
                        } else {
                            Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Could not find custom user data document to update.");
                        }
                    } else {
                        Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Unable to insert custom user data. Error: " + result.getError());
                    }
                });
    } else {
        Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Failed to log in anonymously:" + it.getError().toString());
    }
});
val anonymousCredentials: Credentials = Credentials.anonymous()
app.loginAsync(anonymousCredentials) {
    if (it.isSuccess) {
        val user = app.currentUser()
        val mongoClient : MongoClient =
            user?.getMongoClient("mongodb-atlas")!! // service for MongoDB Atlas cluster containing custom user data
        val mongoDatabase : MongoDatabase =
            mongoClient.getDatabase("custom-user-data-database")!!
        val mongoCollection : MongoCollection<Document> =
            mongoDatabase.getCollection("custom-user-data-collection")!!
        mongoCollection.updateOne(Document("user-id-field", user.id), Document("favoriteColor", "cerulean"))
            .getAsync { result ->
                if (result.isSuccess) {
                    if (result.get().modifiedCount == 1L) {
                        Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Updated custom user data document.")
                    } else {
                        Log.v("EXAMPLE", "Could not find custom user data document to update.")
                    }
                } else {
                    Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Unable to update custom user data. Error: ${result.error}")
                }
            }
    } else {
        Log.e("EXAMPLE", "Failed to log in anonymously: ${it.error}")
    }
}

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